SAN FRANCISCO – Two Indonesian fishermen who escaped slavery aboard a Honolulu-based tuna and swordfish vessel when it docked at San Francisco’s Fisherman’s Wharf are suing the boat’s owner for tricking them into accepting dangerous jobs they say they weren’t allowed to leave.
Attorneys for Abdul Fatah and Sorihin, who uses one name, say in a lawsuit filed in federal court Thursday that they were recruited in Indonesia seven years ago to work in Hawaii’s commercial fishing fleet without realizing they would never be allowed onshore. They have since been issued visas for victims of human trafficking and are living in the San Francisco area.
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The lawsuit alleges that San Jose, California, resident Thoai Nguyen, owner and captain of the Sea Queen II, forced Sorihin and Fatah to work up to 20-hour shifts, denied them medical treatment and demanded thousands of dollars if they wanted to leave before their contracts expired. Nguyen did not return calls seeking comment.
The lawsuit comes two weeks after an Associated Press investigation found around 140 fishing boats based in Honolulu, including Sea Queen II, were crewed by hundreds of men from impoverished Southeast Asia and Pacific Island nations. The seafood is sold at markets and upscale restaurants across the U.S. A legal loophole allows them to work without visas as long as they don’t set foot on shore. The system is facilitated by the U.S. Coast Guard, as well as Customs and Border Protection who require boat owners to hold workers’ passports.
AP found some men are paid as little as 70 cents an hour. Others had to use buckets instead of toilets, suffered running sores from bed bugs or sometimes lacked sufficient food.
In response, the Hawaii Longline Association representing fishing boat owners has created a universal crew contract that will be required on any boat wanting to sell fish in the state’s seafood auction starting Oct. 1. The group says it deplores human trafficking, and that the contract will protect workers.
The contracts let owners continue to set their own minimum salaries, allow workers to spend the entire year at sea (15 trips, 10 to 40 days each), and reiterate that they must remain on board with passports held by owners.
READ MORE: Men forced to work as slaves in Indonesia to catch seafood for global supply
Cornell University law professor Stephen Yale-Loehr said the new contract “reinforces the current deplorable situation by emphasizing that the crew members have no real rights.”
“Congress should repeal the loophole that exempts U.S. fishing captains from having to provide basic labour protections to their crew,” he said.
Here’s what Sorihin and Fatah say happened to them.
They signed contracts promising $350 a month plus bonuses. They borrowed about $300 to pay an agent in Jakarta. They flew from Jakarta to Singapore, then Sydney, on to Fiji and Pago Pago, American Samoa, an exhausting, 12,500-mile trip.
Because docking is inconvenient and potentially costly, the fishermen had to swim from one boat to another before sailing to Honolulu to begin fishing.
Then it got worse.
One day as Sorihin wrestled a shark onto the Sea Queen, a fishing line got wrapped around his finger, nearly breaking it off. He said his captain set it straight with a chopstick, rubbing ginger and honey on it.
Another time a winch cable snapped, cracking Sorihin in his shoulder; swollen and sore, he was allowed a two-hour rest. A swordfish sliced his face as he pulled it aboard, according to the lawsuit.
They say the captain was verbally abusive and gave them only torn and worn-out gear. There was new protective gear on the boat but the captain said they would have to pay for it. Both men asked to see a doctor at various times but were told there was no health insurance.
“I knew if I stayed on that boat I was going to die,” said Sorihin in an interview.
They worked from 6 a.m. to 6 p.m. without a food break. Then, after a meal and a few hours’ rest, they’d fish some more. After a few trips, three relatives of the captain’s joined them as crew.
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“The captain’s nephew kicked me with his feet to wake me up. I never felt safe working on that boat,” Fatah said in an interview.
Although there was a toilet on board, they had to go to the bathroom in plastic buckets and baggies on deck. And the money, a few hundred dollars a month, just wasn’t worth it.
After a few 20-day trips out of Hawaii, they began docking in San Francisco about once a month. They would gaze from Fisherman’s Wharf dock over to Scoma’s, a classic San Francisco seafood restaurant where diners enjoyed the freshest catch.
Then they’d head out to sea again. One day Fatah got washed onto a railing by a huge wave. He shivered, cried and cramped up. “I thought, ‘This is probably the end,'” he said.
They asked to go home, but were told they would have to reimburse the captain the $6,000 he spent to bring them there.
Finally, they decided to run. It was before dawn, six years ago, when the skipper was gone and drunken crewmembers slept. Sorihin and Fatah snuck into a private room and grabbed their passports. They dashed through San Francisco’s historic waterfront and eventually boarded a southbound train toward San Jose, where they sought help from an Indonesian man they knew of.
“I didn’t think I’d have another chance to survive at sea,” said Fatah. “I was really afraid.”
The man took them in and found them help, through the Catholic Church, a shelter, social workers and eventually immigration attorneys.
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Today they both work two jobs. They clerk at a liquor store, and Sorihin also drives a car for hire. Fatah takes inventory at a department store. Neither goes anywhere near Fisherman’s Wharf.
Earlier this year, before filing their lawsuit, they looked at photos of the Sea Queen II and their former captain.
“That’s him,” said Sorihin, shaking his head when asked if he would take a short walk to see the boat. “I’m afraid of this man.”
Associated Press writer Margie Mason contributed to this report from Honolulu.
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