Global outrage spread on Monday at civilian killings in northern Ukraine, where a mass grave and tied bodies shot at close range were found in a town taken back from Russian troops, as Moscow shifted the focus of the fighting elsewhere.
The deaths in Bucha, outside Kyiv, are likely to galvanize the United States and Europe into additional sanctions against Moscow, possibly including some restrictions on the billions of dollars in energy that Europe still imports from Russia.
The discoveries overshadowed peace talks between Russia and Ukraine, which were due to resume on Monday against a backdrop of artillery bombardments in Ukraine’s south and east, where Russia says it is now concentrating its operations after failing to take any major cities in the heart of the country.
“These are war crimes and will be recognized by the world as genocide,” Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy said on a visit to Bucha. It had become harder, he said, for Ukraine to negotiate with Russia since the scale of alleged atrocities emerged.
Taras Shapravskyi, deputy mayor of the town northwest of the capital Kyiv, said around 50 victims of extra-judicial killings by Russian troops had been found there after Kremlin forces withdrew late last week.
Reuters saw one man sprawled by the roadside, his hands bound behind his back and a bullet wound to his head. Hands and feet poked through red clay at a mass grave by a church where satellite images showed a 45-foot-long trench.
The Kremlin categorically denied any accusations related to the murder of civilians, including in Bucha, where it said the graves and corpses had been staged by Ukraine to tarnish Russia.
MAKESHIFT BURIALS
Ukrainian authorities said they had found 421 civilian casualties near Kyiv by Sunday and were investigating possible war crimes in Bucha, a description also used by French President Emmanuel Macron and, in reference to Russia’s broader offensive, by the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights.
Reuters saw more makeshift burials elsewhere but could not independently verify the number of dead or who was responsible.
In the village of Motyzhyn, west of Kyiv, Reuters reporters saw three bodies in a forest grave. An adviser to Ukraine’s interior ministry said the victims were the village’s leader and her family.
Zelenskyy has used the term genocide at various times during the war, decrying what he calls an intent to eliminate the nation by Russian counterpart Vladimir Putin, who has questioned Ukraine’s legitimate, independent history from Russia.
U.S. President Joe Biden on Monday repeated his accusation that Putin was a war criminal and he called for a war crimes trial. Putin “is brutal. And what’s happening in Bucha is outrageous, and everyone’s seen it,” Biden told reporters.
“We have to gather the information. We have to continue to provide Ukraine with the weapons they need to continue the fight. And we have to get all the detail so this can be an actual, have a war crimes trial.”
Washington’s United Nations ambassador said it would ask the UN General Assembly to suspend Russia from the Human Rights Council. British Foreign Secretary Liz Truss said the move was warranted by “reports of mass graves and heinous butchery” in Bucha.
FLATTENED BY SHELLING
On the other side of the country in Mariupol, a southeastern port that has been under siege for weeks, Reuters images showed three bodies in civilian clothes lying in the street, one against a wall sprayed with blood. Outside a damaged apartment building, residents buried other dead in a shell crater.
“It is easier to dig here,” a resident said, saying four bodies were in the improvised grave. Nearby, the skeletal remains of residential tower blocks and other buildings surrounded by dust and debris dominated the skyline.
Ukraine says it has evacuated thousands of civilians in the past few days from the city, which is surrounded by areas held by Russian-backed separatists in the eastern Donbas region.
Several attempts by International Committee of the Red Cross teams to reach the besieged city in recent days have been unsuccessful, and a spokesman for the organization said it was again unable to enter on Monday to evacuate civilians.
Ukraine was preparing for what its general staff said were about 60,000 Russian reservists called in to reinforce Moscow’s offensive in the east, after it bogged down elsewhere in the face of unexpectedly strong Ukrainian resistance.
A senior U.S. defence official said Russia has repositioned about two-thirds of its forces from around Kyiv, with many consolidating in close ally Belarus where they were expected to be refit, resupplied and be redeployed elsewhere in Ukraine.
Over the weekend, Ukraine said its forces had wrested back all areas around Kyiv, claiming complete control of the capital region for the first time since Russia launched its onslaught.
British military intelligence also said Russian troops, including contractors from the Wagner private military company, were moving to the east.
Reuters could not independently confirm the statements about Russian troop movements. Reuters correspondents saw convoys of armored vehicles belonging to pro-Russia forces near Mariupol.
Serhiy Gaidai, governor of the eastern Luhansk region, said Russia was building up forces to break through Ukrainian defences. “I am urging residents to evacuate. The enemy will not stop, it will destroy everything in its path,” he said in comments carried on Ukrainian television.
SANCTIONS ON RUSSIAN ENERGY?
German Chancellor Olaf Scholz said Putin and his supporters would “feel the consequences” of events in Bucha. Western allies would agree further sanctions against Moscow in coming days, he said, though their timing and reach were not clear.
German Defence Minister Christine Lambrecht said the European Union must discuss banning Russian gas, though other officials urged caution around measures that could touch off a European energy crisis. More than half of Germany’s gas came from Russia last year.
France’s Macron suggested sanctions on oil and coal, saying they were very “clear clues pointing to war crimes” by Russian forces.
Kremlin spokesperson Dmitry Peskov urged international leaders not to rush to judgment, telling reporters that the facts did not support Ukraine’s version of events in Bucha.
Russia has previously denied targeting civilians and rejected allegations of war crimes in what it calls a “special military operation” aimed at demilitarizing and “denazifying” Ukraine. Ukraine says it was invaded without provocation.
(Additional reporting by Zohra Bensemra, Abdelaziz Boumzar and Simon Gardner in Bucha, Pavel Polityuk, Elizabeth Piper and Silvia Aloisi in Lviv, Issam Abdallah in Odesa, Natalia Zinets in Mukachevo, Lidia Kelly in Melbourne, Michelle Nichols at the UN, Phil Stewart and Idrees Ali in Washington, Max Hunder and Reuters bureaus in Europe; Writing by Lincoln Feast, Frank Jack Daniel and Mark Heinrich; Editing by John Stonestreet and Alex Richardson)
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