Automakers reported crashes from July of last year through May 15 under an order from the agency, which is examining such crashes broadly for the first time.

Levandowski could face many years in prison and a fine if convicted. He is expected to appear later on Tuesday in federal court in San Jose, California.

Automakers Daimler and BMW say that trustworthy handling of personal data will be a key competitive advantage in their new joint venture that offers app-based services like free-floating car-sharing in big cities.