The U.S. Justice Department brought criminal charges against James Comey on Tuesday for a second time, accusing the former FBI director of threatening President Donald Trump by posting a photo of seashells arranged to show the numbers “86 47.”
The charges, brought in the federal court in the Eastern District of North Carolina, accuse Comey of threatening the life of the U.S. president and transmitting a threat across state lines.
The case relates to an Instagram post Comey published last May while vacationing in North Carolina showing the arrangement of shells on a beach. In U.S. parlance, the number 86 can be used as a verb meaning to throw somebody out of a bar, while 47 could be seen as code for Trump, the 47th president.
The indictment marks a renewed push by Trump’s Justice Department to target perceived political enemies of the president with criminal prosecution. Trump last year referred to Comey by name in a social media post calling for criminal charges against his adversaries.
“I’m still innocent. I’m still not afraid,” Comey said in a video posted online after the indictment, adding: “This is not how the Department of Justice is supposed to be.”
Comey deleted the May 2025 Instagram message after it attracted controversy.
“I didn’t realize some folks associate those numbers with violence. It never occurred to me but I oppose violence of any kind so I took the post down,” Comey said shortly after posting it.
Merriam-Webster, the dictionary used by The Associated Press, says 86 is slang meaning “to throw out,” “to get rid of” or “to refuse service to.” It notes: “Among the most recent senses adopted is a logical extension of the previous ones, with the meaning of ‘to kill.’ We do not enter this sense, due to its relative recency and sparseness of use.”
TRUMP CALLS FOR CRIMINAL CASES AGAINST OPPONENTS
Trump and his allies at the time said they interpreted Comey’s post as a threat to violently remove Trump from power.
“A child knows what that meant,” Trump said in a Fox News Channel interview in May. “If you’re the FBI director and you don’t know what that meant, that meant assassination. And it says it loud and clear.”
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Acting Attorney General Todd Blanche has moved quickly to carry out Trump’s demands for criminal cases after his predecessor, Pam Bondi, was ousted in part for not moving fast enough on them.
Blanche on Tuesday depicted the case as a routine prosecution for a threat against a public official, the type of case federal prosecutors frequently bring.
“While this case is unique and this indictment stands out because of the name of the defendant, his alleged conduct is the same kind of conduct that we will never tolerate, and that we will always investigate and regularly prosecute,” Blanche said during a news conference.
U.S. officials investigated Comey in the days following the post and he was interviewed by the U.S. Secret Service, but was not charged.
Since Blanche took over the top post in April, the Justice Department has brought criminal charges against the Southern Poverty Law Center, released a report alleging misconduct in prior prosecutions of anti-abortion activists, and indicted a former National Institutes of Health official for allegedly concealing records related to COVID-19 pandemic research.
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Trump has for years railed against Comey over his role overseeing an FBI investigation into alleged ties between Trump’s first presidential campaign and Russian officials in 2016. The Justice Department brought a separate case against Comey last September accusing him of lying in congressional testimony about authorizing disclosures to the news media about FBI investigations.
A federal judge dismissed the case after finding that the prosecutor who secured the indictment was not lawfully appointed. The Justice Department is appealing the ruling.
That case was brought after Trump issued a call on social media for Bondi to seek criminal charges against Comey and other Trump adversaries. The Justice Department for decades sought to preserve distance between the White House and individual criminal investigations.
The first case against Comey encountered several legal obstacles. A federal judge found that the lead prosecutor, Lindsey Halligan, may have made serious legal errors before the grand jury that approved the indictment. Another judge later blocked the Justice Department from using crucial evidence, finding that prosecutors had violated protections against unlawful searches and seizures in the U.S. Constitution.
Comey’s lawyers said the case was a vindictive prosecution brought to punish Comey for his criticism of Trump, which the defense may revive in the latest case.
The case is also likely to be challenged on free speech grounds. The First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution includes robust protections for political statements, even those that use intimidating language or advocate violence.
The Constitution does not, however, protect direct threats to a person’s life or safety, legal scholars say.
“We will contest these charges in the courtroom and look forward to vindicating Mr. Comey and the First Amendment,” Comey lawyer Patrick Fitzgerald said in a statement.
The U.S. Supreme Court has not clearly defined a “true threat,” scholars say, making it difficult for police and prosecutors to know where to draw the line. Law enforcement officials often look for language or context that reflects a clear intent to act or instill fear, rather than simply suggesting a frightening outcome.
The First Amendment has at times posed obstacles for the Justice Department in investigating people who direct explicitly intimidating and violent language at public officials.
—With files from the Associated Press
FBI director Kash Patel says the FBI has been investigating the case for the past “nine, 10, 11 months.”
…a photo of some sea shells in the sand on a beach.
That to me seems like a bigger crime(wasting federal monies) than Comey posting the photo in the first place.
The timing of this indictment raises questions about what coldForce had to say about Comey’s sea shells a year ago.
Probably went something like…
“yeah man Comey is right, I am down for this. just give me a year to save up for some guns and a train ticket because I live in California and can’t afford to drive.”
coldForce 2025