Fact file: Blue-green algae – what is it?

With recent outbreaks of blue-green algae across Canada, many are wondering what it actually is.

Don’t be deceived by the name. Cyanobacteria or blue-green algae isn’t always blue-green. It can be green, yellow, brown or even red.

The microscopic organisms found in the algae are made up of cells which can be found in streams and lakes and are usually present in small numbers.

These cells can quickly increase and become toxic in shallow, warm, slow-moving or still water that gets a lot of sunlight.

When this occurs, it forms what is called a bloom. Far from what a flower does, the bloom discolours the water and produces floating scum on the surface – a reason for why blue-green algae is also sometimes known as ‘pond scum.’

Provincial health departments across Canada have issued blue-green algae warnings, as the toxins created by cyanobacteria can put the health of people and animals at risk.

Drinking contaminated water or swimming, bathing or showering in water with blue-green algae can cause a variety of problems – from skin rashes to diarrhea – and can even could trigger an asthma attack.

Some symptoms to look out for after contact with blue-green algae include:

· headaches
· fever
· diarrhea
· abdominal pain
· nausea and vomiting
· skin rashes
· swollen lips
· eye irritation and redness
· ear ache and itchiness
· sore throat
· hay fever-like symptoms
· asthmatic reaction

If you have come into contact with water that may have been contaminated and you are exhibiting any of these symptoms, contact a medical professional immediately.
 
For tips on how to protect yourself from cyanobacteria or blue-green algae, click here.