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It’s Time to Treat Obesity as the Chronic Disease It Is

This article is sponsored by Novo Nordisk Canada Inc. The content is for informational purposes only. It is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of a physician or other qualified healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

Stigma-free obesity care can help improve health outcomes for Canadians[1]
Nearly one in three Canadians are living with obesity — a chronic disease.[2] Yet unlike other health conditions, obesity is still too often viewed as a personal failing rather than a chronic disease requiring care and support.[3]
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Even as new, evidence-based treatments emerge, seeking medical support for obesity is often met with hesitation, scrutiny, or even shame – it’s time to change that.

The disconnect between what science tells us and how society responds has real consequences. When obesity is treated as a moral issue rather than a medical one, people are less likely to seek care, , and policy decisions may fail to support comprehensive management.[4]

“When we treat obesity like the medical condition it is, we help people protect their long-term health,” emphasizes Dr. Alex Abitbol, an endocrinologist and assistant medical director at LMC Diabetes & Endocrinology in Oakville, Ont. “The science is clear, but socially, the stigma persists. People are still judged for getting evidence‑based care, which could prevent them from seeking the support they deserve.”

Science has evolved but the stigma hasn’t

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Despite decades of research showing that obesity is driven by biological, genetic, environmental, and psychological factors, many Canadians still believe it’s a simple matter of willpower.[5] Those living with obesity experience judgment regardless of their actions: traditionally for not losing weight, and now even for seeking support to improve their health.

“We don’t shame people for treating other chronic diseases,” says Dr. Abitbol. “Obesity shouldn’t be the exception.”

Global medical authorities including the World Health Organization[6], American Medical Association[7], and Canadian Medical Association[8] officially classify obesity as a chronic disease yet outdated narratives continue to place blame on individuals.

“Obesity is not a lifestyle choice – it is a complex, chronic disease shaped by biology, environment, and the systems that influence our health,” says Lisa Schaffer, Executive Director of Obesity Canada. “When we frame it as a matter of personal failure, we deepen the stigma and create real barriers to care. Canadians living with obesity deserve the same compassion, evidence-based treatment, and respect as anyone managing a chronic illness.”

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Obesity is manageable with tailored support

Obesity care is not a one-size-fits-all approach but requires long‑term, individualized management.[9] Clinical guidelines emphasize that treatment must extend beyond diet and exercise—not because these tools aren’t helpful, but because they rarely address the underlying biology of weight-gain.[10]

It’s important to understand that many different factors shape a person’s experience with obesity, including those out of one’s control.

  • Biological and genetic factors: More than 140 genetic regions influence traits related to obesity.[11] These biological factors affect how the body regulates hunger, metabolism, and fat storage.
  • Environmental factors: Access to nutritious, affordable food, transportation, and working environments all influence a person’s ability to maintain health.[12]
  • Psychological factors: Stress, fatigue[13], and mental‑health concerns such as depression significantly impact weight and overall health.[14] Depression alone can increase obesity risk by 20–50 per cent.[15]
When these underlying factors are overlooked, it becomes easy to default with simple explanations about willpower or lifestyle. But this kind of framing not only misses the complexity of the issue, it can make people feel judged, less understood, and less inclined to seek the care they deserve.[16]
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“People deserve tailored strategies that address the root causes, not temporary fixes, and certainly not shame or judgement,” says Dr. Abitbol.

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Unmanaged obesity carries real health risks

When stigma delays or discourages treatment, the health consequences can be significant. Those living with obesity face increased risk of conditions including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease[17],[18],[19] but, research shows that sustained weight loss can reduce some forms of cardiovascular disease and may help reduce the number of obesity‑related complications[20]. Effective care doesn’t just change numbers; it changes health trajectories.

On World Obesity Day – and every day – let’s commit to changing more than the conversation — let’s change how we show up for one another.

Obesity is a chronic disease, not a character flaw. It deserves the same compassion, evidence-based care, and respect we extend to any other health condition.

Reducing stigma isn’t just about kindness, it’s about improving health outcomes. When we replace blame with empathy, we make it easier for people to access the care and support they deserve.

Visit truthaboutweight.ca to learn more.

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References

[1] https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/people/seniors/health-safety/pdf/officeofnutritionpolicyandpromotionevidencebrief_2026.pdf
[2] Obesity Canada. Cost of Inaction on Obesity. Available at: https://obesitycanada.ca/understanding-obesity/cost-of-inaction/
[3] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9985585/
[4] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9985585/
[5] Westbury S, Oyebode O, van Rens T, Barber TM. Obesity Stigma: Causes, Consequences, and Potential Solutions. Curr Obes Rep. 2023;12(1):10-23. doi:10.1007/s13679-023-00495-3
[6] https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight
[7] https://policysearch.ama-assn.org/policyfinder/detail/obesity?uri=%2FAMADoc%2FHOD.xml-0-3858.xml
[8] Obesity in Canada: Causes, Consequences and the Way Forward – BR2015-12.pdf
[9] Sean Wharton, et al. Obesity in adults: a clinical practice guideline. Canadian Medical Association. https://www.cmaj.ca/content/192/31/E875
[10] Hall KD, Kahan S. Maintenance of Lost Weight and Long-Term Management of Obesity. Med Clin North Am. 2018;102(1):183-197. doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2017.08.012
[11] Lau DCW, Wharton S. Canadian Adult Obesity Clinical Practice Guidelines: The Science of Obesity. Available from: https://obesitycanada.ca/guidelines/science
[12] Alexandra Lee, Michelle Cardel, William T Donahoo. Social and Environmental Factors Influencing Obesity. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK278977/
[13] Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO, Chrousos GP. Obesity-related sleepiness and fatigue: the role of the stress system and cytokines. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006;1083:329-344. doi:10.1196/annals.1367.023
[14] Taylor VH,  Sockalingam S, Hawa R, Hahn M. Canadian Adult Obesity Clinical Practice Guidelines: The Role of Mental Health in Obesity Management. Available at: https://obesitycanada.ca/guidelines/mentalhealth
[15] Taylor VH,  Sockalingam S, Hawa R, Hahn M. Canadian Adult Obesity Clinical Practice Guidelines: The Role of Mental Health in Obesity Management. Available at: https://obesitycanada.ca/guidelines/mentalhealth
[16] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9985585/
[17] Statistics Canada. An overview of weight and height measurements on World Obesity Day. Available at: https://www.statcan.gc.ca/o1/en/plus/5742-overview-weight-and-height-measurements-world-obesity-day
[18] Sean Wharton, et al. Obesity in adults: a clinical practice guideline. Canadian Medical Association. https://www.cmaj.ca/content/192/31/E875
[19] Novo Nordisk Canada. (2025, January 29). Ozempic® Product Monograph.
[20] Ryan DH, Lingvay I, Deanfield J, et al. Long-term weight loss effects of semaglutide in obesity without diabetes in the SELECT trial. Nat Med. 2024;30(7):2049-2057. doi:10.1038/s41591-024-02996-7

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